November 5, 2024

Soapy Smith's "STAR" notebook, 1882: Part #11 - page 11

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 11 - original copy
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)





OAPY SMITH'S "STAR" NOTEBOOK

Part #11 - Page 11

     This is part #11 - page 11, dated 1882. This is a continuation of deciphering Soapy Smith's "star" notebook from the Geri Murphy's collection. A complete introduction to this notebook can be seen on page 1.
     The notebook(s) are in Soapy's handwriting, and often times pretty hard to decipher. A large part of this series of posts is to transcribe the pages, one-at-a-time, and receive help from readers on identifying words I am having trouble with, as well as correcting any of my deciphered words. My long time friend, and publisher, Art Petersen, has been a great help in deciphering and adding additional information. 
     I will include the original copy of each page, an enhanced copy of each page, a copy in negative, and a copy with typed out text, as tools to aid in deciphering the notes. There are a total of 24 pages. This means that there may be upwards of 24 individuals posts for this one notebook. Links to the past and future pages (pages 1, 2, 3, etc.) will be added at the bottom of each post for ease of research. When completed there will be a sourced partial record of Soapy's activities and whereabouts for 1882-1883.
     Important to note that the pages of the notebook do not appear to be in chronological order, with Soapy making additional notes on a town and topic several pages later.
     Page #11 is late July 1882, thus written previous to page #10, making this is page different from the others seen so far. Rather than plans to go somewhere, this is an accounting of where Soapy has already gone (Oregon and Washington Territory). Previous pages contained to do lists, work notes, an itinerary. This page engages in journaling—the recording of past events, perhaps for the purpose of revisiting them, or memorializing them for oneself, like a diary entry. The interesting thing is that, although the writing records the communication of twenty-one-year-old Soapy Smith with himself, the writing also communicates with us about him 142 years later (and potentially far beyond today). The way Soapy remarks on where he went and that he had a significant success in Seattle portrays his desire to remark on it for himself.

Art Petersen writes,
This page may be the reason the notebook survived Jeff's many travels. It might have become a good luck talisman in that it documented the luck he had made for himself. Keeping the notebook meant preserving proof of that magical good luck power. This thinking could be overstating the case, but something about the notebook made it worth keeping with him or kept safe somewhere. What this page documents in journal form could be that something.
Below are my attempts to make the page easier to decipher.

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 11 - enhanced
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 11 - negative
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)

     Below is what I believe to be the correct deciphering of the text, dated 1882. Do you agree, or do you see something else? All comments, suggestions and ideas are welcome! I will update the new information to this post.

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 11 - deciphered
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)



Page 10
  • Line 1: "Landed in"
  • Line 2: "Portland, Oregon"
  • Line 3: "July 25th 1882." 
  • Line 4: "Worked one day"
  • Line 5: "26 July Started to"
  • Line 6: "Seattle, W.T. [Washington territory] arrived"
  • Line 7: "Same day. Worked"
  • Line 8: "several days. And"
  • Line 9: "made the largest"
  • Line 10: "sale I ever made. $112.00" [?]
  • Line 11: "From there to New"
     Lines #11, #12 and #15: At first I thought that "New" [New Tacoma] was "NW," the abbreviation for North-West, but I did find reference to New Tacoma. 
     Tacoma was incorporated on November 12, 1875, following its selection in 1873 as the western terminus of the Northern Pacific Railroad due to lobbying by McCarver, future mayor John Wilson Sprague, and others. However, the railroad built its depot in New Tacoma, two miles (3 km) south of the Carr–McCarver development. The two communities grew together and joined, merging on January 7, 1884. The transcontinental link was effected in 1887, and the population grew from 1,098 in 1880 to 36,006 in 1890. Rudyard Kipling visited Tacoma in 1889 and said it was "literally staggering under a boom of the boomiest."
     Lines #8 through #10: The 1882 amount of $112 is better understood for us when considered in 2024 dollars. Tom's inflation calculator puts the figure at $3,619.84. Quite a clean-up for the work of "several days." If the time in Seattle were 3 days, Soapy made "sales" of over $1,000 a day.
  • Line 12: "Tacoma, done well. [Washington territory]"   
  • Line 13: "From there to"
  • Line 14: "Olympia, back to [Washington territory]"
  • Line 15: "New Tacoma from [Washington territory]"
  • Line 16: "there to Port Townsend [Oregon]"
     Sometime after August 24 when The Great Sherman Circus itinerary was first published and Soapy recorded it on page #10, he went to the next notebook page to reflect on his successes so far in the northwest.
     An estimate of Soapy's time in each location is about 2 days, except for Portland for about half a day and Seattle for about 3 days. Travel time of half a day or more is added to the dates. Travel from New Tacoma to Port Townsend, however, could have taken a full day or more by ship up Puget Sound.

Towns Soapy went to
Washington Territory
Google Maps

Estimation of dates for each town in chronological order.
  • Portland, Oregon, July 25-26, 1882.
  • Seattle, Washington Terr., July 26-30, 1882.
  • New Tacoma, Washington Terr., July 30-August 2, 1882. 
  • Olympia, Washington Terr., August 3-5, 1882. 
  • New Tacoma, Washington Terr., August 5-8, 1882. 
  • Port Townsend, Washington Terr., August 8-11, 1882.










 










STAR NOTEBOOK
April 24, 2017
Part #1
Part #2

Part #3

Part #4
Part #5 

Part #6
Part #7
Part #8
Part #9 
Part #10

Part #12 (not published yet)
Part #13
(not published yet)
Part #14 (not published yet)
Part #15
(not published yet)
Part #16 (not published yet)







"Take risks: if you win, you will be happy; 
if you lose, you will be wise."
—Author Unknown





November 2, 2024

Soapy Smith's "STAR" notebook, 1882: Part #10 - page 10

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 10 - original copy
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)



OAPY SMITH'S "STAR" NOTEBOOK

Part #10 - Page 10

     This is part #10 - page 10, dated 1882. This is a continuation of deciphering Soapy Smith's "star" notebook from the Geri Murphy's collection. A complete introduction to this notebook can be seen on page 1.
     The notebook(s) are in Soapy's handwriting, and often times pretty hard to decipher. A large part of this series of posts is to transcribe the pages, one-at-a-time, and receive help from readers on identifying words I am having trouble with, as well as correcting any of my deciphered words. My long time friend, and publisher, Art Petersen, has been a great help in deciphering and adding additional information. 
     I will include the original copy of each page, an enhanced copy of each page, a copy in negative, and a copy with typed out text, as tools to aid in deciphering the notes. There are a total of 24 pages. This means that there may be upwards of 24 individuals posts for this one notebook. Links to the past and future pages (pages 1, 2, 3, etc.) will be added at the bottom of each post for ease of research. When completed there will be a sourced partial record of Soapy's activities and whereabouts for 1882-1883.
     Important to note that the pages of the notebook do not appear to be in chronological order, with Soapy making additional notes on a town and topic several pages later.

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 10 - enhanced
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)


Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 10 - negative
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)

      Below is what I believe to be the correct deciphering of the text, dated 1882. Do you agree, or do you see something else? All comments, suggestions and ideas are welcome! I will update the new information to this post.


Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 10 - deciphered
1882
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)

     The fact that Soapy traveled around Oregon, following the circus, we can conclude that he had an arrangement with the circus, compensating them well for permission to operate within, or near the grounds where the circus was set up. In other documents it is shown that Soapy purchased "fair lists" from his sporting supply companies. These lists were a fair directories, listing the cities and dates where they opened. This is likely why Soapy was making the notations in his notebooks, as a travel planning log.
     It is believed that Soapy was not working alone. He likely had men assisting him as shills, boosters and cappers. It is also possible that during this period Soapy was working with John Taylor, a long time friend and mentor, mentioned on page 2 (1882).

Soapy Smith
Prize package soap sell racket

       
Page 10
  • Line 1: "First stand (or "start?") in Oregon with Shermans Show"

Art Petersen writes, 
     What an interesting page. It's the most clear so far because a nearly exact correlation with Oregon cities is found in The Great Sherman Circus advertisements in July and August issues of The Oregonian.
     Art located the following newspaper ads from 1882, meaning that Soapy's notebook page also dates 1882.


Great Sherman Circus (Show)
The Oregonian
August 30, 1882

(Click image to enlarge)


Great Sherman Circus (Show)
The Oregonian
September 14, 1882

(Click image to enlarge)

THE CIRCUS
Roseburg Review
Roseburg, Oregon
July 22, 1882

(Click image to enlarge)

The Sherman circus went to Roseburg, and probably a few other towns in Oregon in which Soapy passed up, or didn't record. The above newspaper clipping (thanks to Art Petersen) from Roseburg, Oregon, reads in detail of the circus' arrival, includes a band parading the town streets. The night performance was "perfectly jammed, a hundred or more sitting upon the ground in front of the seats." The show included "tumbling," a trapeze act, horizontal bar exercise, "tight rope specialties," and many other "marvelous feats."  

Art continues,

     It appears to me that Jeff set out to follow The Great Sherman Circus and Troupe of Educated Horses from Aurora on the 30th to Salem on Sep 15 and 16. It seems likely he copied the dates from the published itinerary of the circus. The itinerary matches the notebook exactly, except for Salem. The circus did go there, though; the 15th and 16th for Salem is published in a later paper. The first ad I found with those dates is in a September 14 issue of The Oregonian. For his notebook list, he might have picked up the Salem dates from someone with the circus and added it. The first time Jeff's list of cities appears in the advertisement is on August 24, 1882, so that's the earliest the list could have been copied onto the notebook page.
     Oregon City heads the published list, but Jeff didn't copy that, so it would seem he did not plan on going there OR that it was too late to go there.
  • Line 2: "Aurora [Oregon] [Aug] 30th 000"
     There are numerous cities name "Aurora" in the US., including Colorado, but as all the other cities listed on this notebook page are located in Oregon, and Aurora is one of the stops for the Great Sherman Circus, it is a safe bet that this is Aurora, Oregon.

There is a mystery to solve here. Can you help? 

Art writes, 
     What do the 000s on lines 2 and 8 mean? Hmmm. These are in contrast to the Xs, and once with XX, that appear on other lines. (The XX might be for 2 lines, one for line 10 and one for line 11.) The Xs are in contrast to lines 11 through 14, which have no marking. Do the zeros mean he didn't make money, OR, in contrast, that he did ("cleaned up" a thousand or more!)? The Xs might mean he went to the city when the circus was there OR they might mean he intended to go. But for the last 3 or 4 cities, no Xs appear. So did he not go to those cities OR did he not plan to go to them?

  • Line 3: "East Portland [Oregon] [Aug] 31st. X."
  • Line 4: "Hillsboro [Oregon] Sept 1st. X."
  • Line 5: "McMinnville [Oregon] Sept 2nd. X"
  • Line 6: "Independence [Oregon] 4 Sept. X"
  • Line 7: "Corvallis [Oregon] 5th Sept. X"
  • Line 8: "Lebanon [Oregon] 6th 000"
  • Line 9: "Albany [Oregon] 7th 8th X"
  • Line 10: "Halsey [Oregon] [Sept] 9 to X [10th?] X"
  • Line 11: "Harrisburg [Oregon] [Sept] 11th"
  • Line 12: "Junction City [Oregon] [Sept] 12th"
  • Line 13: "Eugene [Oregon] [Sept] 13th to 14"
  • Line 14: "Salem [Oregon] [Sept] 15 + 16"
Art writes,

     As for the city and circus citations on other pages of the notebook, probably there's some correlation, but what they are remains to be teased out, at least in my thinking. It's all about finding coherence among data on the notebook pages.
Mapped route of the circus

(Click image to enlarge)

Art writes,
     Attached is a map on which the route of the circus is mapped (placement of some sites is estimated). If Jeff did follow the circus, probably transportation made it easy to do so—trains seem likely.
Art's conclusion,
     So, many questions remain, not about what he wrote, but what he wrote means in terms of what he did.











 









STAR NOTEBOOK
April 24, 2017
Part #1
Part #2

Part #3

Part #4
Part #5 

Part #6
Part #7
Part #8
Part #9 
Part #11
(not published yet)
Part #12 (not published yet)
Part #13
(not published yet)
Part #14 (not published yet)
Part #15
(not published yet)
Part #16 (not published yet)










"The only sure thing about luck is that it will change."
—Wilson Mizner




October 19, 2024

Soapy Smith's "STAR" notebook, 1882-1883: Part #9 - page 9

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 9 - original copy
1882-1883
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)




OAPY SMITH'S "STAR" NOTEBOOK
Part #9 - page 9

This is part #9 - page 9, the continuation of deciphering Soapy Smith's "star" notebook from the Geri Murphy's collection. A complete introduction to this notebook can be seen on page 1.
     The notebook(s) are in Soapy's handwriting, and often times pretty hard to decipher. A large part of this series of posts is to transcribe the pages, one-at-a-time, and receive help from readers on identifying words I am having trouble with, as well as correcting any of my deciphered words. I will include the original copy of each page, an enhanced copy of each page, a copy in negative, and a copy with typed out text, as tools to aid in deciphering the notes. There are a total of 24 pages. This means that there may be upwards of 24 individuals posts for this one notebook. Links to the past and future pages (pages 1, 2, 3, etc.) will be added at the bottom of each post for ease of research. When completed there will be a sourced partial record of Soapy's activities and whereabouts for 1882-1883.
     Important to note that the pages of the notebook do not appear to be in chronological order, with Soapy making additional notes on a town and topic several pages later.

Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 9 - enhanced
1882-1883
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)


Soapy Smith's "star" notebook
Page 9 - negative
1882-1883
Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)

Below is what I believe to be the correct deciphering of the text, dated 1882-1883. Do you agree, or do you see something else? All comments, suggestions and ideas are welcome! I will update the new information to this post.



Soapy Smith's "star" notebook

Page 9 - deciphered
1882-1883

Courtesy of Geri Murphy

(Click image to enlarge)

Page 9 (bottom).
  • Line 1: "grocers" (or "gracias")

    Art Petersen writes,

    Why gracias, Spanish for thank you? Not sure, but the letters seem to form the word. Coming just above the next names could be Soapy wanted to remind himself to thank them for something. As a transplant to Texas in 1876-77, gracias would have been a familiar term. 
  • Line 2: "Langfeldt" ("Langfleat," Langfeat") and Meyers"

    Art Petersen writes,

    a search for "Langfeldt and Meyers" in the 1880s failed. However, a Langfeldt and Co did business during this time in Japan as a seller of alcohol spirits (found ad in The Japan Times). Another possibility: Newspapers of the 1880s regularly listed sailings to and from Yokohama, the large Japanese port. And the names of some passengers appeared. The notebook names could be of Yokohama passengers that Soapy knew (& perhaps wanted to thank for some reason). 

  • Line 3: "Yokohama"
  • Line 4: "Japan" 
  • Line 5: "Thank you" (or "Thermals")

    Art Petersen writes,

    My nomination for the 1st word in line 5 is thermals or thermal underwear. The letters seem to be thanamals, not a word. But since most of page 9 lists what appears to be a packing list or inventory of clothes and since thermals are clothes, the proposed word would have a relationship. The lines taken together seem to be a note to self to pack or to acquire the thermals he once showed to Prof. Scott. The first word in line 6 seems to be showed if the last letter is seen not as an a but a d. Soapy does show he tended not to put a line above the body of a d at least on this page as shown in his writing drawers on line 12.

  • Line 6: "Show" ("Showed" or "Shower") to (for) Prof."
Art Petersen, who has been aiding me in deciphering Soapy's handwriting, asks, "Could these three lines be 'Thank you shower to/for Prof. Scott?' A 'shower' seems improbable today, but in 1893 or so, it seems to have had a more general sense. Here's how the historical section of the Oxford English dictionary has it:
1893-
Chiefly, North American, Australian, and New Zealand. A party to which guests bring gifts, usually of a particular kind, for a bride-to-be, or (in later use also) an expectant mother; (more generally) any party or event centred around the giving of gifts. Also in plural: the gifts presented on such an occasion (now rare).
  • Line 7: "Scott."
  • Line 8: "Aug 31st"
  • Line 9: "2 white shirts"
  • Line 10: "1 n ' ' "
  • Line 11: "4 collars"
  • Line 12: "1 tab"
  • Line 13: "1 drawers"

Interpretation: Page 1, page 2, page 4, page 5 of this notebook shows Soapy's plans for traveling through Oregon and Washington Territory, making and changing plans before successfully venturing there, several times. Here on page 9 he makes notes of what appears to be an order from Japan, a note of thanks to Professor Scott and a list of personal clothing items. Were the latter being ordered from Yokohama, Japan? Nearly a decade later (December 27, 1894), the Boulder Daily Camera and the Summit County Journal (December 29, 1894), reported that Soapy and gang members John Bowers and W. H. Jackson, are headed to Yokohama, Japan for "pleasure and sight-seeing." Most likely is that Soapy never actually went to Japan, but that it was a newspaper ploy to fool the authorities and his enemies that he was not in the states. 

* Special thanks to Art Petersen for his aid in deciphering, and his opinions of the context.









 









STAR NOTEBOOK
April 24, 2017
Part #1
Part #2

Part #3

Part #4
Part #5 

Part #6
Part #7
Part #8
Part #10
Part #11
(not published yet)
Part #12 (not published yet)
Part #13
(not published yet)
Part #14 (not published yet)
Part #15
(not published yet)
Part #16 (not published yet)








"He never missed an opportunity to separate the gullible from ready cash. Neither did he ever miss an opportunity to preach and practice the gospel of kindliness and compassion. "
The Reign of Soapy Smith, 1935





April 2, 2024

"Big Ed" Burns in Cripple Creek - Story of robbing a dying man.

CHIEF OF CONS
The Morning Times
(Cripple Creek, Colorado)
February 15, 1896
Courtesy of Mitch Morrissey






ig Ed Burns robs a dying man?

     Mitch Morrissey, a Facebook friend and historian for the Denver District Attorney’s Office, found and published an interesting newspaper piece on "Big Ed" Burns, one of the most notorious characters in the West. Burns was a confidence man and crime boss who is believed to have met Jefferson Randolph "Soapy" Smith in Tombstone, Arizona, or one of the surrounding towns in 1882 where Burns was the boss of the top and bottom gang best known in and around the Benson area. Burns later joined Soapy in Denver and followed him to Creede and Alaska.
     In 1889 a man was shot and killed in the Palace Theatre which was run by Bat Masterson at 15th and Blake Streets in Denver. Burns and some of his men were in the house at the time and before the victim of the unknown assassin had breathed his last. Burns took the opportunity to rob the fallen man of a large diamond stud. Burns escaped the officers and before it was reported to Denver District Attorney Ledru R. Rhodes (1886-1889) he left Denver and was never punished for the offense.
     How much of the newspaper article is accurate? Below is the text of the newspaper article. Following the article is some research information I have found over the decades.

The Morning Times
Cripple Creek, Colorado
February 15, 1896

CHIEF OF “CONS.”
Big Jim Burns, Gold-Brick Swindler, Visits Cripple Creek and Sleeps in Jail.

     "Big" Ed Burns, one of the most notorious characters in the West, was arrested last night by Officers Clark and Reynolds. Burns is known all over the United States, and has been known to turn a bunco trick in St. Louis and Chigago [Chicago] on the same day. He will do anything from robbing a coop to a gold brick swindle. He was in Leadville in the early days and was mixed up in a killing in Chicago. He has been chased out of all the larger cities in the West, but strange as it may seem, has only done about eight years all told. He usually has a gang of men around him that are as desperate as himself, and the community where they stop suffer greatly from the depredations inflicted by these men.
     In 1889 a man was shot and killed in the Palace theatre In Denver, which was then run by Bat Masterson. Burns and some of his men were in the house at the time and before the victim of the unknown assassin had breathed his last, Burns had robbed him of a large diamond stud. He escaped the officers and left the country and was never punished for the offense. He has been arrested for robbing hen roosts and selling brass bricks for solid gold.
     The brick scheme was worked by him more successfully than his other games, as he invariably caught his man at night and sold him the bricks under the shades of darkness. His appearance helped him on his scheme no [?] and when he was making a "front," would resemble a man of considerable means. He is about six feet one inch tall, has a rather good-looking face. His stomach is enormous and he weighs about 240 pounds. When he "lies up" for a front he wears a silk hat, a long Prince Albert coat, patent leather shoes and on his shirt front a cluster of diamonds. He also wears a very large diamond ring on his right little finger and carries a heavy gold headed cane in the same hand.
     When dressed thus, he is ready to sell gold bricks. When working this he stops at the best hotel in the city and becomes acquainted with all the prominent men stopping there. He picks out a man who he thinks is the easiest worked, and in confidence tells him about some gold bricks which he-owns. He don’t want to sell them, O no, but would like to borrow some money on them. The man would look at them and that night they would take the bricks in a grip and go out of the city limits to be away from prying eyes. Here they would open the grip, take out the bricks and with a file scrape the edges into a paper and take these to the city to have them tested. Of course the filings would be gold and the next night the money would be loaned. When the time expired for the bricks to be redeemed the man who held them took them to the mint or a jeweler to be sold, where he found their spurious nature. In the meantime Burns would be swelling around another part of the country on the money gained in this way.
     Where Burns has been for the past three years no one seems to know. He arrived yesterday morning and slept in jail last night. He arrived alone but his men are supposed to be on the way and they will be "landed" as soon as they arrive. The charge of vagrancy is placed against him and he will be given hours to leave. He says he came in from Pueblo, but it is thought he came from Oklahoma.
So how accurate is the Cripple Creek newspaper?

[The following information comes from Alias Soapy Smith: The Life and Death of a Scoundrel]

  • Burns’ first known arrest in Denver was in June 1883. During a second arrest two months later, he escaped in handcuffs. 
  • In 1887 while in Santa Monica and Los Angeles, he was arrested at least three times and was the defendant in the first recorded court case of the shell game in Los Angeles. 
  • In Denver in late April, early May 1889, Burns received fifteen days for stealing a valise. 
  • Within two months he was arrested for waving a pistol around on 32nd and Holladay streets, vowing to shoot someone. His wife had run off with another man, and he was searching for them. 
  • In 1890 Burns was in Denver where he was known as a smooth operator. On July 16, 1890, Chief of Detectives Loar gave him twenty-four hours to leave the city [note that I do not include the 1889 dying man robbery. I did not find the story in Denver newspapers]. 
  • Burns then vanished until 1892 when he showed up in Creede, probably as a member of the soap gang. He dropped in and out of the gang as he traveled around the state. 
  • In February 1896 he was with Jeff and “ten fierce men” when arrested for vagrancy in Cripple Creek and ordered to leave [this is likely the foundation of the newspaper article in The Morning Times]. 
  • On March 10, 1896, in Denver, he witnessed the saloon shooting of Aquilla “Dick” Hawkins. The Denver Evening Post wrote, “He was never suspected of earning a dollar honestly, and was always regarded as a crook who might be guilty of committing any crime from petite larceny to murder.”
MY THOUGHTS
For the most part the Morning Times article is accurate in regards to Burns' past in Chicago, Leadville, etc. It's hard for me to accept the story regarding the Palace Theater and Burns' robbery of the dying man, based on the lack of a Denver newspaper confirmation. I'm not saying it didn't happen though. The date and vagrancy charge is true, but something the newspaper missed is that Burns was traveling with Jefferson Randolph "Soapy" Smith who apparently escaped notice in the papers.








 









Nov 13, 2009
Feb 10, 2010
May 20, 2010
Sep 12, 2010
Apr 07, 2011
Apr 04, 2020












"Big Ed" Burns: pages 43, 77-79, 101-02, 120, 176, 210, 405, 487, 489, 571.






"Horse sense is a good judgment which keeps horses from betting on people."
—W.C. Fields










March 31, 2024

Soapy Smith's Tivoli Club Denver location, 1887-1973.

TIVOLI CLUB
(far left)
Circa 1887-1894
Jeff Smith collection

(Click image to enlarge)




HE HISTORY OF SOAPY SMITH'S TIVOLI CLUB LOCATION, 1887-1973.


The business name of "Tivoli" remained until at least 1937!
  

     Between 1887-1894 confidence man Jefferson Randolph Smith II, more commonly known by the alias of "Soapy" Smith, ran a saloon and gambling house he christened the "Tivoli Club," and the theories vary as to why the name "Tivoli" was chosen. One theory is that Jeff Smith picked the name "Tivoli" in honor of where he met Mary Eva Noonan, his future bride, at the Tivoli Beer Hall attached to "Big Ed" Chase's Palace Theater. Another theory is that as Ed Chase was Jeff's partner in the enterprise, that he pushed for the name "Tivoli."

Palace Theatre
Tivoli Beer Hall
Managed by William Deutsch

      William "Henry Dutch" Deutsch was a Denver business property owner and business manager in the 1880s-1911. His story, as currently known, begins on March 6, 1881 when the Rocky Mountain News lists him as the manager of the
Tivoli Beer Hall and gaming annex for Ed "Big Ed" Chase’s Palace Theatre. The Denver Republican for June 13, 1882 states that Deutsch left the Beer Hall, opening the Lyceum Vaudeville Theater in South Pueblo, Colorado. One year later, the Rocky Mountain News (June 3, 1883) states that he is proprietor of the Tivoli Variety Theatre in Pueblo and proprietor of the Tivoli Beer Hall in Denver. Deutsch obtains property in Denver on Seventeenth and Holladay streets (later named Market) in 1886. He builds the Deutsch block, where in February 1888 he receives permission to open a saloon at that location. In the 1887-1888 Denver city directory he is listed in the city directory as proprietor of the Alhambra Beer Hall at 1321 Seventeenth Street, on the southern end of his Deutsch block. In the 1889 directory he is listed as the manager of the Alhambra Beer Hall. Soapy Smith's Tivoli Club is located on the northern end of the Deutsch block. That Deutsch built and managed the Alhambra Beer Hall means that it is probable that Soapy Smith and the soap gang used the Hall in their criminal activities. 
     At the time I was researching for my book I stopped researching the history of the building after 1895 as it was no longer Soapy's place. What I didn't know at the time, is that the business name of "Tivoli" continued on for at least another 42 years! Was it just a coincidence, or was it in honor to Soapy Smith?

Denver 1908
"Tivoli" circled in red
Courtesy of Visit Denver

(Click image to enlarge)

     It all started in 2011 when I located a large map of Denver dated 1908. Zooming onto 17th  and Market Streets where Soapy's Tivoli Club was located (see above pic with red circle) at 1337-1339 17th Street, the south-east corner of 17th and Market Streets, I found the name "TIVOLI" on top of the building. The address of 1337 refers to the upper floor and the lower floor was 1339. What sort of business ran there was a mystery to me at that time. Was it a saloon? A gambling house? A restaurant or a hotel? At first glance I surmised correctly that the individual that took over the Tivoli Club location kept the name, and that it continued to operate under that name. Upon closer inspection of the map I could see that the south section of the building (Deutsch's building) that held the Tivoli Club appeared to have been altered or rebuilt. At the time, based on this bird's-eye drawing, I believed that most of the original Deutsch block had been torn down except for the portion containing the hotel, but later found that the entire block had remained as it was when it was built in 1887. I believe the artist just made a minor mistake in making the "map." Although the map is dated 1908 many of the old buildings and businesses that Soapy knew, still existed so the map continues to be a great aid.

Denver 1908
Full map
Courtesy of Visit Denver

(Click image to enlarge)

     I went through my files and to the Denver Public Library online and researched the Denver directories for the years 1896-1972. Unfortunately, not all the Denver directories are online so I have gaps in the history.

1888

     In the 1888 Denver directory there are three names, all being members of the soap gang, listed as residing at 1337-1339 17th Street, but the name "Tivoli" does not appear until the 1889 directory is published.

1889

     The directory lists 1337-1339 as "Tivoli Saloon, 17th, se. cor, Holladay." Note that "Holladay" Street was changed to Market street in 1889, but too late for the 1889 directory publication.

Tivoli Saloon
1889 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver Library

     The directory lists two soap gang members residing upstairs at 1337 17th, John Bowers and William Lorimer, of whom I believe that his friends called him "Billy Larimer," after Larimer Street which crossed 17th Street. Soapy wrote a poem entitled "Billy Larimer" which was published upon Lorimer's passing in the Denver Mercury, March 31, 1894.


     Lorimer ("Larimer") had died in his room located above the Tivoli where he worked as a bartender. The poem can be seen in Alias Soapy Smith: The Life and Death of a Scoundrel, pages 321-22.
     That there were bedrooms upstairs is interesting, and even more so with members of the soap gang residing there 
including John Bowers, James Thornton, William Turner, Jeff Dunbar, Albert Hoffses and others. These rooms no doubt kept the gang close to the bunko action on the "streets of doom," the name given to 17th street between Wynkoop and Larimer Streets. It is also likely that the rooms were used for swindles and fake offices, as some of the names of the gang listed businesses located there.

1890

     In the directory, William Deutsch and his brother Robert are listed for 1339 17th Street, the downstairs saloon of the Tivoli Club. William is listed as the proprietor. William 
was the property owner and builder of this entire block building in 1887. He leased the corner property to Soapy Smith and Ed "Big Ed" Chase. During this period it was common for Soapy and Ed Chase to list other individuals as "proprietors," to protect the empires of the real proprietors, Jeff "Soapy" Smith and Edward "Big Ed" Chase. It did not fool the police or the newspapers, as every time the "Tivoli Club" was mentioned in the newspapers, Jeff Smith's name was included as the owner. It is possible that Deutsch was a side partner in the saloon and gambling house. Robert is listed as a barkeeper of the saloon. This is the first I have learned that William Deutsch had a brother, let alone one that was involved in the Tivoli Saloon business.

William and Robert Deutsch
1890 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver Library

1891

     The 1891 Denver directory lists Soapy and Ed Chase. "Smith and Chase, (Jeff. R. Smith and Ed. Chase,) club rooms, 1337 17th." It is the first and only time Chase is listed as a partner.

Smith and Chase club rooms
1891 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver Library

     Interesting to note is that the 1891 and 1892 directories list "Mrs. Sarah A. Clark, furnished rooms." In the latter 19th century madams advertised their businesses in various ways, and advertising "furnished rooms" included a soiled dove. If this is true then it is circumstantial evidence that Soapy may have been involved with prostitution, or at least rented out rooms to a madam.

"Furnished rooms"
brothel or cribs?
1891 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver Public Library


1892

     In 1892 the name "Tivoli Club" is not listed in the city directory, and only soap gang member James Thornton is listed at 1339 17th Street.


1893

     In 1893 the Tivoli Club rooms under Jefferson R. Smith is listed simply "club rooms."


Jeff Smith club rooms
1893 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver Library

 1894

     In 1894 the saloon is again listed under proprietorship of William Deutsch. However, every newspaper story about the Tivoli Club included its owner, Soapy Smith. 
In this year Soapy also opened other saloons, such as the Midway saloon located in the Chever Block on the N.E. corner of 17th and Larimer.

William Deutsch saloon
1894 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver Library

     After 1894 Soapy's (Jeff R. Smith) name is no longer listed in the directory, or in association with the property at 1337-39 17th Street.

1895

     In 1895 Soapy fled Denver during his and his brother, Bascomb's trial for the assault on John Hughes, manager of the Arcade restaurant, saloon and gaming house. When Bascomb was sentenced to one year in prison, Soapy didn't see any hope of staying out of prison himself, so he escaped Denver becoming a fugitive of the court.

     As a partner in the Tivoli Club business, it is possible that Ed Chase, played a role in operating the Tivoli business in Soapy's absence, but only William Deutsch's name is listed between 1894-1911. 
     Not a lot is known of the relationship between Soapy and William Deutsch, but if it had been a bad one, I would think he would have ceased using "Tivoli" in the name. 
Was there a business reason to keep the name "Tivoli" until at least 1937? Did he keep the name for 40 more years in honor of his old friend and business associate, Jefferson Randolph Smith? Those that know the history of Soapy, via my book, Alias Soapy Smith: The Life and Death of a Scoundrel, know that Soapy was very good to his friends and those that worked for and with him, and they remained loyal in life, and after Soapy's death. So, could keeping the Tivoli name have been a tribute to his friend, Jeff "Soapy" Smith?

1896

In 1896 Deutsch renames the saloon as the Tivoli Sample Room.

Tivoli Sample Room
1896 Denver directory
Courtesy of Denver library

Deutsch had new business cards printed up, and his name also appears on a personalized glass whiskey flask, the label reading, “Fine Old Monogram whiskey, Bottled expressly for Wm. Deutsch, Tivoli Seventeenth and Market Street, Denver Colo.”

Tivoli Sample Room
WM. DEUTSCH, PROP.
Courtesy, Geri Murphy collection



MONOGRAM WHISKEY
Tivoli (Sample Room)
Courtesy, Jerry Hazalet collection

1905

     In 1905, Miss Jennie Clauson is listed as the proprietor of The Tivoli at 1337 17th (upstairs). Was this another tactic to hide the criminal activities of the gamblers and bunko sharks who used the rooms upstairs for illegal operations and swindles? Was Miss Clauson using the upstairs section for a brothel? Or, was this the beginning of  The Tivoli hotel? 


The Tivoli (hotel?)
1905 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library


The Tivoli, lodgings
1905 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library

     In the same 1905 directory I found about 20 residents in the rooms, men and women, and no known bunko men living there. William Deutsch is still operating the Tivoli Sample Room downstairs.

Tivoli Sample Room
1905 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library


1907

     William Deutsch is proprietor of the Tivoli Sample Room downstairs, while Fred G. Schwab operates The Tivoli upstairs. Another mention of The Tivoli in the 1907 directory reads "furnished rooms." Is it a real hotel, or are some (or all) of the rooms being used for a brothel? 

Tivoli Sample Room
1907 Denver directory
Courtesy of Denver library


The Tivoli (hotel)
Fred G. Schwab, prop.
1907 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library

The Tivoli, furnished rooms
1907 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library

1911
     
William Deutsch still lords over the Tivoli Sample Room, but it is the last year that his name is listed. Did he sell out? Did he pass away? I could not find a detailed biography for him.
     The name of The Tivoli changes to Hotel Tivoli with the coming of a new proprietor, Robert Anderson.

Tivoli Sample Room
1911 Denver directory
Courtesy of Denver library

Hotel Tivoli
Robert Anderson, prop.
1911 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library


1915

     The Hotel Tivoli is still in the directory. However the saloon is now under the new name, the Lion Liquor Company. 

Lion Liquor Co.
1339 17th
1915 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library


1916-1936

     For the next twenty years the Hotel Tivoli does not appear to change. Big change comes for the downstairs saloon as Prohibition (1920-1933) is enacted, ceasing any legal operating of a saloon business. T
he Tivoli Hotel is listed in the 1923 directory, but there is no mention of it in 1924, nor the addresses of 1337 and 1339 17th. This does not mean there was not a saloon "open" for the discreet drinker, only that the city directory naturally did not list it.Ed Chase died September 27, 1921, If he hadn't sold off his part of the business, and he didn't own the building, did he just let it revert back to William Deutsch at the start of Prohibition?  

1937

     1937 witnessed new proprietor's, probably new owners as well, for both upstairs and downstairs. Upstairs (1337 17th) is still the Tivoli Hotel but the listed proprietor is Hilma Nylander ("wid I W" [widow of Isaac W. Nylander]). In the 1940 census Hilma is listed as the manager, with 17 guests, meaning that with Hilma staying at the Tivoli, there were at least 18 rooms. Downstairs (1339 17th) has changed business to the Plecone and Sons restaurant, which may still have an attached saloon.


Tivoli Hotel and Plecone Restaurant
1337 and 1339 17th
1937 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library

     The Denver directories between 1937-1950 are not online.

1950

     The 1950 Denver phone book lists a name change for the hotel, bringing an end to the use of "Tivoli." The Denver Hotel is listed at 1337 17th, but no business is named or listed for the first floor at 1339 17th. Could a bar (saloon) or restaurant on the first floor have been combined with the new owner of the hotel upstairs, and under the same business name?


Denver Hotel
1337 17th
1950 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library

 
1972-1973

     The next phone book I could access was for 1972. Ironically, there was no listing or phone number for the Denver Hotel, but photographs of the outside of the building clearly show a sign reading "Denver Hotel." At some point between 1937-1950 the name of "Tivoli" is removed. What other business names may have been used is unknown at this time.
     In 1971 the Ginn Mill Bar was located on Larimer Street. In 1972-73 The Ginn Mill on Larimer is no longer listed and the Ginn Mill (restaurant?) and Ginn Mill Tavern opens at 1339 17th street, the location of the Tivoli saloon. Was the proprietor the same for both businesses? The Ginn Mill is later known as "Denver's Oldest Bar." So was it the oldest bar in Denver? How far back are they talking about? There was the break, during Prohibition when all saloons were supposed to be closed, thus not advertised. Did the location remain a saloon, right up to the year the building was razed? If that is the case, having opened in 1887, then yes, it would have been the oldest bar, had developers not razed the Deutsch block building.


Ginn Mill
1339 17th
1972 Denver directory
Courtesy of the Denver library


Ginn Mill Bar and Denver Hotel
1337-1339 17th Street
1973-75 Denver directory


   






 









Tivoli Club
Dec 09, 2008
Jun 04, 2009
Jul 19, 2009
Jul 23, 2009
Aug 11, 2009
Jan 29, 2010
Apr 11, 2010 
Feb 28, 2011
Jun 23, 2011
Nov 18, 2011
Feb 23, 2012
Jan 14, 2014
Dec 26, 2014
Dec 22, 2015
Oct 29, 2016
Oct 30, 2916

Feb 07, 2020
Jun 23, 2020

Aug 15, 2021

William Deutsch
Jan 02, 2009
Aug 15, 2021











The Tivoli Club: pp. 79-81, 89, 120, 124-29, 131-32, 138-39, 171-72, 176, 182-83, 185, 188, 190, 197, 247-48, 256-57, 260-64, 272-78, 283-84, 286-87, 324, 336, 338, 352, 358, 389, 420.
William Deutsch: pp. 80, 131-32, 248.






"There is but one good throw upon the dice, which is, to throw them away."
—Author Unknown